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Vocabulary · Level A1

French Holiday Vocabulary: 19 Words for les vacances

A holiday in French is les vacances, always plural. The 19 words on this poster are le voyage (trip), le passeport, la valise (suitcase), le sac à dos (backpack), l’avion (plane), le train, la voiture (car), la carte (map), l’hôtel, le camping (campsite), la plage (beach), l’île (island), le soleil (sun), la crème solaire (sunscreen), les lunettes de soleil (sunglasses), le chapeau (hat), le maillot de bain (swimsuit), l’appareil photo (camera) and le cocktail.

By Camille, native French teacherUpdated 27 October 2026Free, no account required
Download the illustrated poster (PDF)

Les vacances is the first subject a French conversation falls back on, with a stranger on a train as much as with a colleague in September. It is also one of the easiest topics to handle at A1, because almost every word in it is a concrete thing you can hold, pack or point at: a suitcase, a passport, a hat, a beach.

This poster follows a trip in order. First what you prepare, le voyage, le passeport, la valise, le sac à dos. Then how you get there, l’avion, le train, la voiture, la carte. Then where you sleep, l’hôtel, le camping, la plage, l’île. Then the sun and what protects you from it, and finally what you actually do once you arrive.

Learn every word with its article. Nothing here lets you guess the gender: le passeport but la valise, le chapeau but la crème, l’hôtel masculine but l’île feminine. The poster prints le, la and l’ with each word for that reason, and the table below does the same.

Free 4-page guide

The words English speakers get wrong in French

False friends that look like English and mean something else, the numbers that turn into arithmetic, and the expressions that make no sense translated word for word.

  • False friends, with what the word really means and the word you wanted
  • Seventy to a hundred, written out, with the Belgian and Swiss forms
  • Everyday expressions, and what they actually do in a conversation

4 pages, free, sent straight away. Everything on this page stays free either way. You will also hear from me when a new guide or free deck goes up, and one click at the bottom of any email takes you off the list.

The 19 words on the poster

FrenchEnglishIn a sentence
le voyagetrip, journeyNous préparons notre voyage en Italie.
le passeportpassportMon passeport est valable encore trois ans.
la valisesuitcaseJe fais ma valise la veille du départ.
le sac à dosbackpack, rucksackJe voyage avec un sac à dos, c’est plus pratique.
l’avion (m.)planeOn prend l’avion à six heures du matin.
le traintrainLe train pour Marseille part du quai numéro 4.
la voiturecarOn descend dans le sud en voiture.
la cartemapRegarde sur la carte, la mer est à dix kilomètres.
l’hôtel (m.)hotelOn a réservé un petit hôtel près du port.
le campingcampsite, campingLes enfants adorent le camping au bord du lac.
la plagebeachOn va à la plage tous les matins.
l’île (f.)islandNous passons une semaine sur une île grecque.
le soleilsunIl y a du soleil toute la journée ici.
la crème solairesunscreen, sun creamMets de la crème solaire, le soleil tape fort.
les lunettes de soleil (f.)sunglassesJ’ai oublié mes lunettes de soleil à l’hôtel.
le chapeauhatPrends un chapeau, il fait trente degrés.
le maillot de bainswimsuit, swimming trunksMon maillot de bain sèche sur le balcon.
l’appareil photo (m.)cameraJ’ai pris des photos avec mon appareil photo.
le cocktailcocktailOn boit un cocktail en regardant le coucher de soleil.

The travel words that did not fit

Twenty more words that come up the moment you actually travel rather than talk about travelling. These are the ones you need in an airport, at a station or at a hotel desk.

FrenchEnglishNote
l’aéroport (m.)airportÀ l’aéroport, and never dans l’aéroport
la garetrain stationLa gare routière is the coach station
le billetticketUn billet d’avion, un billet de train; un ticket is for the métro or the bus
le volflightLe vol a une heure de retard
les bagages (m.)luggageAlmost always plural; un bagage à main is hand luggage
l’embarquement (m.)boardingLa porte d’embarquement is the gate
la douanecustomsPasser la douane
le départdepartureLe tableau des départs at a station
l’arrivée (f.)arrivalÀ l’arrivée, on a pris un taxi
le retarddelayÊtre en retard is to be late; avoir du retard is to be running late
la réservationbooking, reservationJ’ai une réservation au nom de Dupont
la chambreroomUne chambre double, une chambre simple
la clékeyAlso spelt la clef, same word, same pronunciation
la merseaAu bord de la mer is by the sea; à la mer is the destination
le sablesandUne plage de sable fin is the standard holiday-brochure phrase
la serviettetowelUne serviette de plage; une serviette de table is a napkin
la piscineswimming poolSe baigner dans la piscine, nager à la piscine
le bateauboatEn bateau; a ferry is un ferry or un bac
la randonnéehike, hikingFaire une randonnée, or faire de la rando in speech
la carte postalepostcardEnvoyer une carte postale, still a real habit in France

The ten phrases you actually say

Naming the object is half the job. The rest is the verb and the preposition that go with it, and French fixes those by habit. Learn these as whole blocks rather than word by word.

FrenchEnglishNote
partir en vacancesto go away on holidayPartir for leaving; aller en vacances also works
être en vacancesto be on holidayJe suis en vacances jusqu’au 15 août
les grandes vacancesthe summer holidaysThe long school break, July and August
faire sa valiseto packFaire ses valises in the plural for a whole family
prendre l’avion, prendre le trainto fly, to take the trainThen en avion, en train, en voiture for how you travel
aller à la plageto go to the beachÀ la plage, au bord de la mer, sur le sable
faire du campingto go campingThe activity; le camping on its own is the place
réserver une chambreto book a roomJe voudrais réserver une chambre pour deux nuits
prendre un coup de soleilto get sunburntJ’ai pris un coup de soleil sur les épaules
Bonnes vacances ! Bon voyage !Have a good holiday! Have a good trip!What everyone says to you in late June

Four traps worth reading twice

Les vacances is always plural. There is no une vacance meaning a holiday: j’ai des vacances, je pars en vacances, mes vacances étaient courtes. The singular la vacance does exist, but it means a vacancy, as in une vacance de poste, an unfilled job. The adjectives follow the plural too, so it is de bonnes vacances and non pas une bonne vacance. The word for time off work is un congé, in the plural les congés payés, and a French employee will say je suis en congé rather than en vacances when talking to the office.

Un voyage is the trip as a whole, not every journey. Un trajet is the leg you travel, le trajet Paris-Lyon, and une excursion or une sortie is the day out once you have arrived. Faire un voyage is to take a trip and voyager is to travel in general. English speakers often reach for un voyage where French would use un trajet, and the giveaway is length: if it fits in an afternoon, it is rarely un voyage.

The preposition for the destination depends on the place, not on you. En for feminine countries and those starting with a vowel, en France, en Italie, en Espagne, en Iran. Au for masculine ones, au Portugal, au Japon, au Canada. Aux for plurals, aux États-Unis, aux Pays-Bas. À for cities, à Paris, à Marseille, à Bangkok. And the way you travel takes en as well, en avion, en train, en voiture, en bateau, with one exception everybody forgets: à pied, on foot.

La carte and le plan are not the same map. Une carte covers a region or a country, une carte routière, une carte de France, and it is also the menu in a restaurant and the card in your wallet. Un plan is the map of a town or a building, un plan de la ville, un plan du métro. A second pair works the same way: un appareil photo takes still photographs, une caméra films, so the thing in your bag on holiday is un appareil photo even though English calls both a camera.

Take it with you

Everything on this page, laid out to print and keep next to you while you revise.

Download the illustrated poster (PDF)

Frequently asked questions

How do you say "holiday" or "vacation" in French?

Les vacances, feminine and always plural. Je pars en vacances is I am going on holiday, je suis en vacances is I am on holiday, and bonnes vacances ! is have a good holiday. The summer break is les grandes vacances. For time off work specifically, a French employee says un congé or les congés payés.

Is it partir en vacances or aller en vacances?

Both are correct and both are used. Partir en vacances puts the stress on leaving, which is why it is the more common one: on part en vacances samedi. Aller en vacances works as a plain statement of destination: on va en vacances en Espagne. To say where you are rather than where you are going, use être: je suis en vacances à Nice.

What is the difference between la carte and le plan?

Une carte is the map of a country or a region, une carte de France, une carte routière. Un plan is the map of a town or a building, un plan de la ville, un plan du métro. Une carte is also the menu in a restaurant and the card in your wallet, so context does a lot of work with this word.

How do you talk about your holidays in French at A1 level?

Three sentences are enough. Say where with partir and the right preposition, l’été dernier, je suis parti en vacances en Italie. Say how and where you stayed, on a pris l’avion et on a dormi dans un petit hôtel. Then give one activity and one opinion, on est allés à la plage tous les jours et c’était super. That is a complete A1 answer, and it uses the passé composé the examiner is listening for.

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I'm Camille, a native French teacher. I run one-to-one lessons online, built around what you actually need rather than a fixed syllabus.