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Vocabulary · Level A2

French Doctor Vocabulary: 20 Words for a Visit to the Doctor

The key French words for a doctor's visit are le rendez-vous (appointment), la consultation (the appointment itself), le médecin (doctor), l'ordonnance (prescription), la carte Vitale (the French health card) and l'arrêt maladie (sick note). To describe a symptom you say j'ai mal à + the body part: j'ai mal à la tête means I have a headache.

By Camille, native French teacherUpdated 9 September 2026Free, no account required
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A doctor's appointment is where a lot of French comes at you at once: booking it, checking in, describing what is wrong, and leaving with an ordonnance you cannot read. This poster is the twenty words that carry the whole visit, from the salle d'attente to the arrêt maladie.

Two practical things before you go. Most people now book through Doctolib rather than by phone, and a standard consultation with a généraliste is 30 euros, most of which comes back to you through the carte Vitale. For anything minor, the pharmacist can advise you first, which often saves the appointment altogether.

The 20 words at the doctor's

FrenchEnglishIn a sentence
le cabinet médicaldoctor's office, surgeryLe cabinet médical est au premier étage.
la salle d'attentewaiting roomPatientez dans la salle d'attente.
le rendez-vousappointmentJ'ai un rendez-vous à quatorze heures.
remplir un formulaireto fill in a formOn me demande de remplir un formulaire.
la carte VitaleFrench health cardN'oubliez pas votre carte Vitale.
la consultationconsultation, appointmentLa consultation dure vingt minutes.
le médecindoctorLe médecin va vous recevoir.
le stéthoscopestethoscopeLe médecin écoute mon cœur avec le stéthoscope.
prendre la tensionto take blood pressureL'infirmière me prend la tension.
prendre la températureto take a temperatureOn prend la température de l'enfant.
se peserto weigh oneselfLe médecin me demande de me peser.
la radioX-rayJe dois passer une radio du poumon.
l'ordonnanceprescriptionLe médecin me fait une ordonnance.
les médicamentsmedicinePrenez ces médicaments après les repas.
la piqûreinjection, jabL'infirmière me fait une piqûre.
le pansementplaster, bandageElle met un pansement sur la plaie.
être maladeto be illJe suis malade depuis deux jours.
tousserto coughJe tousse beaucoup la nuit.
avoir malto be in pain, to hurtJ'ai mal partout.
l'arrêt maladiesick note, sick leaveLe médecin m'a prescrit un arrêt maladie.

Describing your symptoms

The one pattern that does most of the work is j'ai mal à + the body part. The à contracts as usual: à + le becomes au, à + les becomes aux.

FrenchEnglishNote
J'ai mal à la tête.I have a headache.la tête, feminine, so à la
J'ai mal au dos.I have back pain.le dos, masculine, so au
J'ai mal à la gorge.I have a sore throat.la gorge, feminine, so à la
J'ai mal aux dents.I have toothache.Plural, so aux
J'ai de la fièvre.I have a temperature.Not j'ai chaud, which means I feel hot
Je me sens fatigué(e).I feel tired.se sentir + adjective, agrees with you
J'ai la nausée.I feel sick, nauseous.Not je suis malade, which is more general
Ça fait mal ici.It hurts here.Useful when you can point at it

Two things worth knowing

France runs on the médecin traitant, the GP you declare as your main doctor. Seeing them first is what keeps your reimbursement at the full rate; going straight to a specialist without being referred costs you more. When you register, that is the box you are filling in.

If you are signed off work, the doctor issues an arrêt maladie, sometimes called an arrêt de travail. It is the certificate that lets you stay home and still be covered, and the first thing your employer and the Assurance Maladie will ask for.

Take it with you

Everything on this page, laid out to print and keep next to you while you revise.

Download the illustrated poster (PDF)

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Frequently asked questions

How do you say you are not feeling well in French?

Je ne me sens pas bien is the general one. To be specific, use j'ai mal à + the body part (j'ai mal à la tête, j'ai mal au ventre), or je suis malade for being ill overall and j'ai de la fièvre for a temperature.

What is the difference between le médecin and le docteur?

Le médecin is the profession, the word you use to talk about doctors in general: je vais chez le médecin. Docteur is the title you use to address one directly: bonjour, docteur. In everyday speech people say both, but médecin is the safer word for the appointment itself.

What is an arrêt maladie?

A sick note. It is the certificate a doctor issues when you are too unwell to work, and it is what allows your time off to be covered by the Assurance Maladie. It is also called an arrêt de travail, and your employer will ask for it.

How much does a doctor's appointment cost in France?

A standard consultation with a généraliste is 30 euros. With a carte Vitale most of it is reimbursed, and with the tiers payant you often pay nothing up front. Visitors without a carte Vitale pay in full and claim it back through their own insurance or an EHIC.

Want to work on this with a teacher?

I'm Camille, a native French teacher. I run one-to-one lessons online, built around what you actually need rather than a fixed syllabus.